Introduction to American Government

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“Paper Title”
Political Science 1101; Introduction to American Government

Presented by
Your Name

for
Mr. jk
and the American People

This paper provides detailed instructions on your paper requirement which comprises 25% of your total grade and is due the start of class. I am happy to review any of your draft work and provide comment up until the week prior to submission. Papers will be no fewer than 4 and no more than 6 pages in length not including the cover page and bibliography.
You are prepared to announce yourself as a candidate for president in the November 2016 elections. You choose which political party, if any, you seek to represent. Your paper will be released the same day that you will formally announce your candidacy in a televised forum you have arranged. Your paper represents your argument for why your party and ultimately, the nation should select you over your competitors. Your television presentation will mirror the paper-consider your paper a prepared speech.
Papers will tie the course learning objectives to your paper. To do this your paper is not limited to but should include the following:
1. Most voters do not know you. Use relevant biographical information so that they begin to relate to you as a human being who can be trusted with their vote.
2. What will be your focus/priorities for domestic policy? What is important to you and why should it be important to them?
3. What will be your focus/priorities for foreign policy? What is important to you and why should it be important to the nation and them?
4. You must win your party’s nomination by winning partisan primaries over opponents in your party. Learn who the likely opponents of significance are and why your party voters should choose you over them.
5. You must contrast yourself with your likely opponent in the general election who represents a different political party. Assert who you expect it to be and discuss why Americans, of any political party, should vote for you instead of them.

6. You do not have to directly state this, but your statements must account for how the media, interest groups, political parties and voices from each of the branches of government influence election outcomes. Being a savvy politician, you must also suggest that you understand the nature of American politics and its state and national election process.

Papers must be appropriately and correctly documented. Papers will include a cover page (an example of which was provided as the first page of this paper). I am most interested in a paper that demonstrates a complete understanding of course objectives while providing sufficient evidence to support your argument. The paper can adhere to any acceptable style essay format. The text is to be double spaced, one sided and each page following the cover page should have a header-an example of which has been provided as part of this paper. Each page after the cover page will be numbered. This paper is an example of acceptable margins to be used. Either Times New Roman 12 point font or Arial 11 point font is acceptable.
Any standard style format of source citations that you may use are acceptable. I suggest that the easiest method is to use end notes. An example citation for a quote is as follows: “The social-psychological approach emphasizes attitudes. By contrast, the rational choice approach postulates that voters chose their actions on the basis of which action gives them greater benefits” (Niemi and Weisberg, 1993, p. 9). See the included example on how this citation is noted in a bibliography. Longer quotes (more than three lines-be wary of using them) can be cited using tabs and single spacing as in the below example:

Erikson and Wright provide the explanation for why this is true in the following:
There are two leading explanations for midterm losses: the withdrawn coattails argument in which it is thought that the midterm elections are a return to the norm or “right” amount of support- a decline from the coattails effect. Historically, the stronger the coattails effect, the stronger the decline so it has plausibility. Second, there is the ideologically balancing argument that says voters provide a hedge against the sitting president by voting in more form the opposing party. If the president’s election is reassured, the coattails effect can be diminished and the argument, used for midterm elections, to elect opposing party congresspersons gains strength. (Erikson and Wright, 1996, p. 72)

The bibliography/citations page should include all the resources that you use as evidence in your paper which you attributed using end notes. I have included below what a bibliography looks like as it would appear in your final paper. Note that it is alphabetical by author and includes books, periodicals and articles from professional journals. Statistics and polling data are likely sources for you to consider. Your final paper should include at least four different sources. Web sites are acceptable resources so long as they are appropriately and accurately acknowledged.
It is useful to learn to spend more time thinking and making notes than it is in writing your college papers. Drafting an outline is a useful and professional tool to organize your thinking. You are not required to submit your outline for a grade, but I am happy to review and comment on it just as I am your draft paper. An outline should be approximately one to two pages in length and can be “bulletized” and should also include a complete thesis statement-the one or two sentence bottom line argument why you should be president that succinctly captures the theme, tone and supporting arguments of your paper. The main supporting points of the paper, the premises, should be clear from your outline. It is often useful if the bullets of your outline each correspond to what will later become the topic sentence (main idea) of each paragraph of the paper. A paper of eight pages in length would reasonably contain anywhere from eight to fourteen paragraphs. Paragraphs are “min-papers” in that each has a controlling idea (topic sentence which is similar to a conclusion) and a body with sentences that support the controlling idea (similar to premises).
In generic form, your outline and paper would be organized as follows:
I. Introduction which includes the thesis statement or succinct bottom line one or two sentence argument as to why you should be president.
II-IV (or more paragraphs as necessary) Each paragraph being a supporting argument tied to your thesis or bottom line. Through deductive reasoning a reader would think “if the topic or main arguments of paragraphs II-IV are each true, then the writer’s main argument is true and I agree. I should not only vote for them, but go out and campaign for them!
V. Conclusion. Without simply repeating what you have written bring the reader back to your main argument. Readers and listeners oftener will only remember what you open with and what you close with-make them count!
A thesis statement is a statement of the argument that you intend to prove. The proposed thesis statement ought to include two elements. One element is a broad premise and the second element is a conclusion. The conclusion will be demonstrated in your final paper to be true on the basis of evidence you provide to support the premise(s). A complete thesis normally can be restated in such a way as to say “because premises a, b, and c are true, therefore conclusion z is true”. The thesis statement is normally found in the first or introductory paragraph of a paper, but in some cases is found in the second.

Bibliography

Aldrich, John H. and Niemi Richard G. “The Sixth American Party System: Electoral Change, 1952-1992” (1995) from Broken Contract, by Stephen Craig, Westview Press.

Aldrich, Sullivan and Borgida. “Foreign Affairs and Issue Voting: Do Presidential Candidates “Waltz before a blind audience”? John H. Aldrich, John L. Sullivan, and Eugene Borgida, American Political Science Review, 1989.

Flanigan, William H. and Zingale, Nancy H. Political Behavior in Midterm Elections, CQ Press, 2003

Fraser Forum, “Understanding the 2006 Congressional Elections” October 2006.

Giroux, Gregory. CQ Weekly, November 13, 2006. “Voter Discontent Fuels Democrats’ Day”

Mackuen, Erikson and Stinson. “Macropartisanship” American Political Sciences Review, 1989, Michael B. Mackuen, Robert S. Erikson, and James. A. Stinson

Mann, Thomas E. “How to Think About the November 2006 Congressional Elections” Issues in Governance Studies, Brookings Institution, No. 5, July 2006.

Markus, Gregory B. “The Impact of Personal and National Economic Conditions on the Presidential Vote: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Analysis”, American Journal of Political Science, 1988, University of Texas Press.

McWilliams, Wilson Caret. “The Meaning of the Election: Ownership and Citizenship in American Life” in The Elections of 2004, Michael Nelson ed., Congressional Quarterly Press, 2005.

Mellow, Nicole. “Voting Behavior: the 2004 Election and the Roots of Republican Success” in The Elections of 2004, Michael Nelson ed., Congressional Quarterly Press, 2005.

Niemi, Richard G. and Weisberg, Herbert F. Controversies in Voting Behavior, 3rd Edition, 1993.

Niemi, Richard G. and Weisberg, Herbert F. Controversies in Voting Behavior, 4th Edition, 2001.

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Introduction to American Government
Introduction
I would like to take this opportunity to express my desire and presidential candidature for the upcoming elections 2016. I am a forward-looking person who will help to lead the country in order to a new transformation and dispensation of economic growth and technological advancement. Compared with my opponents, I have the most desirable age and political experience to lead the country. I was elected to the senate at the age of 35 years and for 10 years; I have been able to fight for various bills in the senate that help everyday Americans. In the upcoming elections, my youthfulness and relative experience would be a central figure to excel in my campaign. Based on my experience and strength, I would like to announce I am a presidential candidate for the 2016 elections.
I have served as a senator for 10 years and I served as a speaker of the New York House of Representatives. I am a Cuban American who graduated from the University of Michigan and the Chicago law School. In late 1990s, I served as commissioner and was later elected to serve in the New York House of Representatives. I was elected to the US Senate after the resignation of incumbent Albert Meek where I won by 48 per cent with no party affiliation. This indicates the trust people had me as well as my ability to represent the constituency to the U.S Senate. I was born in New York in 1970 a third born of four children in a family. In the senatorial post, I have made significant contributions to improve the lives of Americans. For instance, I voted against the Budget Control Act of 2012 that included compulsory cuts to be obtained from sequestration. I also reject the 2012 Fiscal Cliff resolutions that would introduce new taxes for small business owners as well as reduce the benefits to employees. From my senatorial tenure, I have served the people of New York well and am ready to serve the entire nation at large.
In terms of domestic policy, I will revitalize the health care programs in order to minimize the costs of health care for citizens. My environmental policy is to develop a legislative framework to preserve the nation from the economic risks associated with overreliance on foreign oil and destabilizing effects of climate changes. In order to tackle the climate change issues, I will enhance the economic recovery strategies and develop clean energy. In addition, I will promote education programs to ensure that every child have access to competitive education. My opponent has not clearly indicated their education program for the nation. Most importantly, I will stimulate the economic recovery in order to reduce the effects of economic crisis.
Considering my strong opposition for the current foreign policy, I will refine the foreign relations committee to create strong international relations with various countries. Having worked in the foreign relations committee in the last 7 years, I understand the nature of forming international relations. Most importantly, I will take opportunity of my compelling personal narrative as son of an immigrant who left his birth country due to hardships imposed by the current leadership. This would help to fight for the human rights and privileges of the people in Cuba. Compared with other candidates, am the only candidate with strong experience and ability to deliver on the foreign policy issues in the United States. Improved human right in across the world is important to me, since I understand the struggles and problems faced by the citizens.
In addition, I have worked with various International Organizations to provide humanitarian assistance to people affected by crises in Haiti. I think that the current government has not done much effort in handling the threats of ISIS in the Arab countries. I will put up in place strict measures to ensure that ISIS and other terror groups are not threat to our national security. It is significant to deal with the ISIS and other terror groups in order to promote global security. Another major foreign issue I look forward to addressing the way Iran has handled the agreement on the making of nuclear weapons. Iran should be forced to eliminate any nuclear weapons and prototypes under their custody. Since, such nuclear weapons create adverse security concerns for the entire world. It is clear that I have engaged in weekly briefings on foreign policy activities with experienced advisors in the party who approves my ability to deal with the international concerns across the globe.
In the upcoming party nomination, I have strong feeling that I will win the partisan primaries over my party opponents. This is because the outgoing president has publicly expressed his support for my presidential candidature in the upcoming elections in 2016. His support has improved my odds in the last 2 months with close to 20 per cent increase in my supporters. In addition, more than half of the Republican senators have expressed their support for my candidacy stating my experience and political understanding in the political world.
In comparison with my opponent Marco Rubio, I would like to appreciate his desire to serve the American people. Mr. Carter lacks experience in dealing with foreign policy issues as well as political decisions. Carter running on a democratic party nominations implies his poor political ideological understanding. The Democratic Party lacks a clear political agenda for the American people. For his entire life, he has served in Telecom Inc as the CEO and President of operations. His company’s leadership and management are not useful in the running of a nation. With my political and foreign policy experience, I will steer the country to new dawn of economic prosperity and growth. In his presidential in claimed to reduce the taxes in which appears to be an unrealistic policy due to the adverse economic deficits in the country.
Moreover, I promise to expand the investment and production activities in the country by offering incentives and reducing the cost of doing business in the nation. The strategy would help in creating more than enough jobs for the citizens. This would also assists in ensuring that the current economic deficits do not exceed the targeted limits in the country. In spite of all, I served in various senate committees where I learned how to deal with various government concerns. My republican party has developed a strategic political agenda of the nation that would see a clear transformation of the country with the next four years. Most importantly, I understand that the American people need a leader with a clear political agenda for the nation.
Conclusion
In summary, I believe I am the best-placed presidential candidate for the upcoming elections in 2016. I express my sincere commitment and focus to improve the economy and transform the country to a new dawn. My health care, economic reform programs and labor regulation policies will transform the domestic policy for the benefit of all citizens. I have broad experience in foreign relations. I will develop strong foreign policies and strategies to deliver the position the nation in a better place around the globe. My opponent lacks experience and clear political agenda to drive the economy. I have presented my clear strategic political agenda of the nation to transform the nation in the next four years.

References
Geer, J., Schiller, W., & Segal, J. (2013). Gateways to democracy: An introduction to American government. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Mayhew, D. R. (2014). Placing parties in American politics: Organization, electoral settings, and government activity in the twentieth century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Schubert, L., Dye, T., & Zeigler, H. (2015). The irony of democracy: An uncommon introduction to American politics. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
Smith, E. S. (2012). Incorporating sustainability into an American government course: The problems, the progress, the promise. Journal of Political Science Education, 8(1), 20-34.

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